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Background
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Relevance: Chemoattractant active on T-lymphocytes, monocytes, but not neutrophils. Activates the C-X-C chemokine receptor CXCR4 to induce a rapid and transient rise in the level of intracellular calcium ions and chemotaxis. Also binds to atypical chemokine receptor ACKR3, which activates the beta-arrestin pathway and acts as a scavenger receptor for SDF-1. Acts as a positive regulator of monocyte migration and a negative regulator of monocyte adhesion via the LYN kinase. Stimulates migration of monocytes and T-lymphocytes through its receptors, CXCR4 and ACKR3, and decreases monocyte adherence to surfaces coated with ICAM-1, a ligand for beta-2 integrins. SDF1A/CXCR4 signaling axis inhibits beta-2 integrin LFA-1 mediated adhesion of monocytes to ICAM-1 through LYN kinase. Plays a protective role after myocardial infarction. Induces down-regulation and internalization of ACKR3 expressed in various cells (By similarity). Has several critical functions during embryonic development, required for B-cell lymphopoiesis, myelopoiesis in bone marrow and heart ventricular septum formation. {ECO:0000250}., Stimulates the proliferation of bone marrow-derived b progenitor cells in the presence of IL-7 as well as growth of the stromal cell-dependent B-cell clone DW34 cells.
Synonyms: SDF-1, TPAR1, C-X-C motif chemokine 12, Pre-B cell growth-stimulating factor, PBSF
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