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Background
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Synonyms:
DRD1/ Dopamine Receptor D1
The D1 Dopamine Receptor (D1 Receptor) is one of five receptors that mediate the effects of the catecholamine neurotransmitter dopamine. Dopamine regulates a variety of functions including locomotor activity, emotion, positive reinforcement, food intake, and hormone secretion. The dopaminergic system has been extensively studied in the last thirty years mainly because its dysregulation has been linked to several neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases including Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia1. All five dopamine receptors belong to the 7-transmembrane domain, G-Protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR) superfamily. Historically, the five receptors have been divided into two subfamilies based on pharmacological and structural considerations: the D1-like subfamily (that includes the D1 and D5 subtypes) and the D2-like subfamily (that includes the D2-, D3- and D4 subtypes)1. The D1-like Receptors are coupled to Gs-type G proteins and enhance adenylate cyclase activity while the D2-like Receptors are coupled to Gi-type G proteins and inhibit adenylate cyclase activity1. The D1 Receptor is widely distributed throughout the brain with the highest expression in the cerebral cortex and striatum. In the periphery the D1 Receptor has been detected in the adrenal cortex, kidney and heart. Functionally, the D1 Receptor has been implicated in the regulation of both locomotor and cognitive functions including the maintaining of spontaneous motor behaviors, the control of working memory and cognition as well as the regulation of craving and reward pathways. In addition, D1 Receptor plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension by regulating epithelial Na+ transport and by interacting with vasoactive hormones/humoral factors, such as aldosterone and angiotensin1,2. Anti-D1 Dopamine Receptor antibody can be used in western blot analysis and immunohistochemical applications, and recognizes D1 Receptor from rat and mouse samples.
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