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Background
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CD163, also known as M130, Ber-Mac3, Ki-M8 or SM4, is a 130-150 kDa member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily. CD163 scavenges hemoglobin by mediating endocytosis of haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes. CD163 expression is restricted to cells of monocyte lineage and increases as monocytes mature into macrophages. CD163 is up-regulated on mononuclear phagocytes by IL-10, IL-6, and dexamethasone, while lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) induce shedding of CD163 from the cell surface. Several CD163 isoforms exist, which differ in their cytoplasmic domains and putative phosphorylation sites.Synonyms: Hemoglobin scavenger receptor, M130, Macrophage marker, Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130
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